Pile-wire.



A. F. MGGOLLUM.

PILE WIRE. APPLICATION'FILED FEB. 28,1914. 1,1 30A-f Patented Marr. 2, 1915.

I\ Q3 f 5%- 75d o O Zum www@ " Aram ALFRED F. MUCLLUM, OF BLOOMSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR F THREE-FIFTHS i erica.

T0 JAMES MAGEE, 2D, 0F BLOOMSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

PILELWIRE.

maaar?.

Specification of Letters Patent. l

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED F. MoCoL- l" LUM, a citizen of the United States, residing vin Bloomsburg, Columbia county, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Pile-Wire, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of an improved form of pile wire for use in looms for the manufacture of pile frabrics and is particularly serviceable in the weaving of thosefabrics in which the wires are inserted transversely to the warp and over whichA the latter is looped to form.the pile of the fabric. As herein illustrated my invention is especially constructed for use in looms provided with pile cutting mechanism including a pile cutting knife and a series of grooved wires inwhich said knife 1s movable.

Heretofore the wires used had rounded convexed bottom portions .which rested on the body warp of the fabric andwere often tilted or up-set, beforev they were bound in the warp, by the pull of the warp during the change of the sheds with. the result that irregular rows of pile were frequently caused. l y

One object of my invention therefore is to so construct the pile wires, that they cannot easily be upset' or turned over after they have been inserted in the fabric, it being also desired that the wires shall be so constructed as not to injure the fabric during their insertion and withdrawal.

A further object of the invention is to provide said wires with means for guiding or insuring the proper entry of the pilecutting knives into their grooves.

These objects I .attain as hereinafter set forth reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which,

Figure 1, is a side elevation of a pile wire made in accordance to my invention; Figs. 2

and 3,`are enlarged transverse sections take-nres ectively on the lines a-a and b-b Fig. 1; fig. 4, is an enlarged plan of one epd of the wire shown in Fig. 1; Fi 5, is a sectional elevation taken on the Iine 0-0 Fig. 4; Fig, is an enlarged fragmentary transverse section taken .through the weft of a fabric and through wires which areniade according to m invention; and Figs. 7 and 8, are enlarge cross sections of modified forms of wire.

Referring to the drawings, the wire 1 is longitudinally grooved at 2 and is secured to a jack head 3 for facilitating its insertion and withdrawal in the usual manner during the weaving of a, fabric. The wire 1 has a `base surface which may be substantially fiat as shown at 4 in the main views of drawing and side surfaces 5 and 6 which are inclined to the base surface 4 as shown in Fig. 3.'

n The wire lis provided with av knife-guidmg section or extension 7 which may be brazed or otherwise secured thereto or may be made integral therewith. This guiding section has an inclined top surface 8 which as shown in Fig. 2, is flush with and forms a continuation of one side of the groove 2.

In order to prevent the ends of the wires from injuring the varn of the fabric during their insertion under the pile yarn, I form them adjacent their ends with a slight upward curve as shown in Fig. 1` from X to Y and also give the ends a more abrupt upward bend as shown from Y to Y. The top surfaces of the wire ends are ground or otherwise shaped as indicated at 9 so that the surfaces will be smooth.

In order that the novel features of my invention may be fully understood I will describe the same in connection with its use in the manufacture of a fabric in which the pile is formed by looping pile-forming warp threads over the wires. The wires are inserted 4within the warp sheds in the direction of the arrow X Fig. 1, so that the pile warp will be looped overY them after they have been beat up as shown in Fig. 6; the wires being shown in their beat up positions and resting on the ground weave 10. The tension on the pile warp acts in the direction of the arrow Z and, prior to my invention has frequently caused the last wire l beat up by the lay to be upset. By having the base of the wire Hat or so shaped that both its edges 11 and 12 rest directly on the groundv weave and by also having the surfaces 5 and 6 and hence the body of the wire inclined from said edges in a direction opposite to that of the pull of the pile warp, the wires will tend to retain their proper positions in the fabric and cannot be easily upset. This result is attained because before the wire could upset it would be ,necessary for the pull of the pile yarn to turn the wire on the edge 11 asia fulcrum and since direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow Z, the amount of this tension on the pile yarn is not suicient to turn the wires from their proper positions;

The pile warp which is looped over the wire may be cut by a pile-cutting knife 1 3 of any suitable construction, which -aftery being lowered into the grooves of wires is moved longitudinally tocut the loopsn By having the guiding section 7 extending part way of the length of the 'wire and projecting above the top thereof as'shown in Figs. 2 and 6, the surface 8 will act as a deector during the downward movement of the knife to guide the latter 'insuring that it enters the groove. This is a valuable featulgf my invention, for hitherto the fabrics iand knives have often been injured by failure of the knives to properly enter the "grooves during their downward movement. In order to further insure the entrance of the knife I widen that portion of the groove immediatel adjacent the part 7.

In Fig. I have shown a pile wire described and claimed` in my application for U. S. Patent, Serial No. 848,458, filed July l,

1914. This form of wire has its base slightly concaved, so that its edges 11al and 12 will contact with the ground weave 10 to firmly seat the wire. I

The form of'wire shown in Fig. 8 is particularly serviceable in weaving uncut pile fabrics, such as body Brussels and tapestry Brussels or in the weaving of cut pile fabrics where the File-cutting knives are secured to the ends o the pile wires as is the ordinary method of making tapestry velvet and Wilton carpets. In this vcase the base of the wire resting on the body or ground weave warps is made fiat as shown at 4b andthe sides may .be made perpendicularthereto or may be inclined if they are to vbe used where the warpl is under great tension. By having the base 4b flat the wire ,cannot be easily tilted but will retain itsrproper position even during its withdrawal so thatV if a knife is attached to its end it will always cut inthe desired path.

I claim l. A pile wire for use in the manufacture of pile fabrics, having ilat side surfaces eX- tending from the base and both inclined in the same direction.

2. A pile wire for use in the manufacture of pile fabrics, having a substantially fiat base and side surfaces extending from the latter inclined in the same direction.

3. A pile wire for looms having at least one of its side surfaces inclined to the plane of its base.` A

. 4. A pile wire having a grooved body portion and a knife-guiding section, the groove of said body portion being of increased width adjacent the knife-guiding section, and the latter having an inclined surface flush with one side of the groove to insure the entrance of the knife into said groovewithout injury to the cutting edge v thereof.

5. A pile wire, for use'in the weaving of pile fabrics, having that portion which is woven in the fabric formed with a flat base.

6. A pile wire, for use in the weaving of pile fabrics, having that portion which is' 

